Setting up — Vietnam

Sometimes, but the right answer depends on the commercial and ownership model. An operating company may sell, invoice, employ people, and deliver services. A separate holding company may be appropriate where the business needs to own IP, investments, assets, or subsidiaries separately from operating risk. We assess both functions before recommending one entity or a multi-entity structure.

No. The route finder is a guided starting point, not a legal, tax, or regulatory determination. It identifies likely routes from the information provided; a specialist then reviews the activity, ownership, customers, operating model, visas, banking needs, and approvals before making a recommendation.

Yes. A detailed review can identify activity restrictions, customer-contracting issues, office requirements, regulated approvals, ownership considerations, banking constraints, or visa requirements that were not visible in an initial questionnaire. If the route changes, we explain what changed and why before anything is filed.

ADGM is often considered for holding companies, investment structures, professional services, family offices, fintech, and regulated financial or financial-adjacent activity where its legal framework and Abu Dhabi location are relevant. The right entity and licence depend on the planned activity and any regulatory permissions required.

IFZA can be considered for certain consulting, service, trading, e-commerce, and holding structures where its available activities, package, visa options, and facility arrangements match the operating plan. Suitability still depends on the company’s customers, activity detail, banking profile, and intended UAE presence.

Dubai is often practical because it offers a broad range of mainland and free-zone routes, service providers, facilities, and banking options. It is not automatically the best fit for every activity or budget. The right answer depends on the company’s customers, operating model, regulatory needs, visas, and cost tolerance.

Yes. Depending on the company’s needs, support can continue with banking preparation, visas, accounting, corporate-tax compliance, renewals, insurance, payroll, and company-secretarial work. We agree the post-formation scope around the company’s actual operating plan.

Often, much of the setup can be prepared remotely, including route selection, document collection, name reservation, and incorporation filings. Whether you need to travel depends on the authority, residence-visa route, biometrics, document requirements, and the bank’s onboarding policy. We identify any likely in-person steps before the scope is agreed.

The requirements vary by company and applicant profile. They may include company documents, shareholder and director identification, ownership records, a clear business explanation, expected transaction details, source-of-funds evidence, and commercial support such as contracts, invoices, or a website where relevant.

The precise checklist depends on the activity, owners, jurisdiction, visa needs, banking route, and whether a corporate shareholder is involved. Most cases begin with passport copies, proof of address, ownership details, and a clear description of the intended activity. Corporate shareholders, regulated activities, and cross-border structures can require constitutional documents, board approvals, legalisation, translation, or additional evidence.

Often, foreign corporate and individual documents need formalisation, legalisation, translation, or certified copies before use in Vietnam. The exact requirements depend on the investor, country of origin, document type, authority, and proposed structure. We confirm the document route before filing.

Yes. We begin by identifying the entity, authority, current status, available records, owners, authorised signatories, renewal position, bank details, and outstanding obligations. We then determine what can be recovered, reconstructed, corrected, or formally documented without creating an inaccurate paper trail.

It depends on the entity, authority, activity, legal form, and any regulatory requirements. Some structures state capital in their formation documents, while others require evidence of capital or a deposit process. We confirm whether capital must be paid, evidenced, or maintained before funds are moved.

A Memorandum of Association, or MOA, is a constitutional document that records key elements of a company’s legal structure, such as shareholders, ownership, activities, governance, capital, and authority to act. The required form and content depend on the entity and jurisdiction.

Articles of Association set out internal governance rules for the company, such as decision-making, director powers, share transfers, meetings, and other corporate procedures. In some routes, they form part of a combined constitutional document. They should fit the actual ownership and operating model rather than be treated as a formality.

Potentially. Whether a power of attorney is accepted depends on the authority, action being taken, document form, signatory status, legalisation, translation, and current procedural requirements. Certain actions may still require direct shareholder, director, or authorised-signatory involvement.

Not by default. Mainland and free-zone structures solve different problems. The right choice depends on the activity, target customers, contracting model, office and visa needs, tax position, banking profile, and whether the company needs a particular regulator or market-access route.

It can, but the correct route depends on the activity, where goods or services are supplied, the contracting model, customs position where relevant, and any licensing or regulatory requirements. Do not assume that every free-zone licence supports every mainland sales model without a specific review.

The entry price can be lower for some free-zone packages, but the full cost depends on visas, office or facility requirements, renewals, banking needs, activity approvals, customs, accounting, and the route needed to operate. The cheapest licence is not always the cheapest workable structure.

A later change may be possible, but it is not always a simple conversion. The practical route can involve a new entity, a branch, transfer of contracts or assets, additional approvals, or winding down the original company. It is better to assess the likely operating model before formation.

A free-zone company is established under the rules of a specific UAE free-zone authority. Each authority has its own permitted activities, licence packages, office rules, visa allocation, renewal terms, and operating conditions. “Free zone” is a category, not one standard product.

Many free-zone structures allow full foreign ownership, subject to the authority’s rules and the intended activity. Ownership is only one part of the decision: the company must also fit its customers, operating model, banking profile, visa needs, and any regulatory requirements.

The choice depends on the company’s activity, customers, contracts, premises, visa needs, regulatory position, and intended operations. Mainland and free-zone structures have different authority rules and operating implications. We compare viable routes against the actual commercial plan.

Neither route is universally better. A Dubai mainland company can suit particular UAE operating and contracting needs, while a free zone can suit specific ownership, facility, trading, or international models. The decision should follow the activity and commercial plan, not a headline licence price.

It is designed to give an early planning range, not a binding quote. Actual cost depends on the selected authority, activity, ownership, visas, office or facility requirement, document readiness, insurance, immigration steps, and any specialist approvals. The written scope confirms the applicable route and cost assumptions.

Possibly, for a narrow set of circumstances. But the lowest licence price may not include the operating requirements the business actually needs. Banking preparation, visa capacity, suitable premises, regulated approvals, customs, insurance, tax registration, and renewal costs can change the overall picture.

Yes. We can review the assumptions, identify missing cost drivers, and compare viable routes before you proceed. The purpose is to turn the initial range into a practical setup plan.

No. Both tools are for planning. If you decide to proceed, the proposed route, assumptions, costs, deliverables, and next steps are set out in a written scope before formation work begins.

Not usually as a default. ADGM can be a sophisticated jurisdiction with requirements and costs that make sense for particular structures or activities, rather than for every entry-level trading or service setup. We compare it with other routes against the actual commercial need.

The initial route discussion is used to understand the business and determine whether a practical scope can be prepared. Any paid work, deliverables, fees, and assumptions are agreed in writing before that work begins.

Ajman can offer lower entry costs for some company structures, but the lowest advertised package may not suit every activity, visa requirement, office need, banking profile, customer contract, or operating plan. The relevant question is whether the Ajman route works for the business, not only whether it is cheaper.

Costs vary by authority, activity, legal structure, number of owners, visas, facility, immigration steps, insurance, and any approvals. Advertised licence prices usually do not represent the full first-year operating cost. We provide a written scope based on the chosen route.

The facility requirement depends on the authority, activity, licence package, visa needs, and operating model. Some packages use flexi-desk, desk, or serviced-office arrangements; others require a dedicated office, warehouse, studio, retail unit, or another specific facility. We confirm this before selecting a package.

Often, a mainland company needs a compliant premises arrangement, but the exact requirement depends on the activity, emirate, licensing authority, visa needs, and business model. A virtual or flexi solution is not suitable for every activity. We confirm the facility requirement in advance.

Sometimes. Whether a virtual-office arrangement is acceptable depends on the licensing authority, the company’s activity, visa needs, banking profile, and any requirements for a physical facility or tenancy document. We confirm the appropriate office solution before the licence is issued.

The available address, mail-handling, meeting-room, and tenancy-document features depend on the provider and package. A registered address is not the same as every type of physical office right, so the package should be checked against the company’s licensing and operational needs.

Usually, yes, but the replacement address must satisfy the authority, activity, visa-capacity, tenancy, and operating requirements. A move can trigger licence amendments, establishment updates, bank updates, insurance changes, and new document requirements.

An Ejari or equivalent tenancy record evidences a compliant premises arrangement in the relevant authority system. Whether it is required depends on the jurisdiction, activity, office type, visa plan, and licensing route. A registered address is not always the same as a premises arrangement that supports a mainland licence, visas, or customer-facing operations.

Often, where the authority and activity permit it. The package must be checked for registered-address rights, tenancy documentation, visa capacity, meeting-room access, and any restrictions affecting banking, customers, or regulated activities.

Usually, yes. A move can require updates to tenancy documents, licence records, establishment or immigration files, visa capacity, bank information, insurance, and authority permissions. We review the impact before you commit to the new arrangement.

No. A UAE registration protects the mark in the UAE only. Protection in Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, or another market usually requires a separate national filing or an appropriate international filing strategy. We can map the filing sequence around the markets you actually plan to enter.

Marks that are generic, purely descriptive, misleading, offensive, or too close to an existing registered mark may be refused. Certain state, religious, geographical, and protected symbols can also be restricted. A pre-filing search helps identify obvious conflicts, but the authority makes the final registrability decision.

Timing depends on the classification, examination outcome, publication process, and whether an objection or opposition arises. A straightforward filing can still take several months from application to certificate. We confirm the current process, expected fees, and practical timeline before filing.

No. A trade name, company name, domain, and trademark are different rights. Registering one does not automatically secure the others. If the name matters commercially, it is sensible to review the company name, domain availability, and trademark position together.

Often, yes. A name change can require authority approval, amended constitutional or licence documents, updates to bank records, contracts, invoices, immigration records, tax registrations, and brand assets. We assess the full change set before starting the amendment.

Often, yes, subject to the authority, available licence activities, regulatory approvals, facility requirements, and the company’s existing legal form. An activity change can also affect banking, visas, insurance, tax, and the company’s practical ability to contract. We review the operating implications before filing.

A trade-name reservation is the authority process for checking and temporarily reserving a proposed company name. It does not confirm that the activity, structure, ownership, trademark position, bank route, or final licence will be approved. Naming rules and reservation periods vary by authority.

Possibly, subject to the relevant authority’s naming rules, the legal form, ownership, activity, language requirements, and whether the name implies an unapproved activity or protected association. A personal name does not remove the need for trade-name approval or trademark review.

It can be a strong fit for businesses connected to Abu Dhabi customers, government or institutional procurement, energy, infrastructure, investment, regulated activity, or an Abu Dhabi operating base. It is not automatically the right answer for every company. Activity, customers, premises, visas, banking, and budget still determine the best route.

The answer depends on whether the company is mainland or free zone, its licence activity, the way it contracts, and any sector-specific or customs requirements. The licence should be assessed against the intended UAE operating model before formation.

Many Dubai mainland and free-zone structures permit full foreign ownership, subject to the activity, authority, and any sector-specific conditions. Ownership should be confirmed alongside the actual licence activity and operating requirements before incorporation.

Fujairah can be relevant for businesses connected to the east coast, ports, logistics, shipping, trade, tourism, or an authority and facility offering that fits the company’s needs. It is not a generic low-cost substitute for every UAE route. The activity and operating plan should lead the decision.

The ability to serve UAE customers depends on the entity’s jurisdiction, licence activity, contracting model, customs position where relevant, and any sector-specific rules. We review the planned commercial flow before recommending a Fujairah structure.

Some licence or facility options can be less expensive, but the total cost depends on the business’s actual needs, including visas, premises, logistics, travel, staffing, banking, renewals, and the appropriate authority. A lower entry price is not the same as a lower-cost operating model.

Ras Al Khaimah can suit businesses that value a particular cost base, industrial or logistics connection, tourism or property exposure, or a free-zone or mainland route available in the emirate. The right fit depends on activity, customers, premises, visas, and the operating plan.

Some setup and facility options may cost less, but the full comparison should include the authority, activity, visas, office or warehouse needs, travel, staffing, banking considerations, renewals, and how the company will operate. Lower incorporation cost does not always mean lower total cost.

Timing depends on the activity, investment structure, location, documents, capital plan, authority workload, and whether further approvals are required. We can explain the practical sequence and prepare the file, but final timing remains with the relevant authorities.

Initial approval is an early authority step in some formation routes that confirms the proposed activity, name, ownership, or other headline details can proceed to the next stage. It is not necessarily a final licence, a bank approval, or authority to begin operating. The precise meaning depends on the authority.

No. Initial approval is not the same as a final licence or authority to operate. The company must complete the required incorporation, licensing, premises, registration, and any activity-specific steps before it begins contracting, invoicing, employing people, importing goods, or conducting regulated activity.

Not always. The timing and evidence requirements depend on the jurisdiction, entity type, activity, capital requirement, and bank route. Some structures require capital evidence or a deposit process; others do not. We confirm the correct sequence before you move funds.

The usual sequence is to clarify the activity, ownership, location, and visa plan; select the appropriate jurisdiction and legal form; reserve or approve the name where required; prepare and sign formation documents; obtain the licence and registrations; then complete premises, immigration, banking, tax, and operational setup. The exact order changes where an activity needs outside approval, a lease, investor documents, or additional compliance checks.

Clarify the activity, investors, ownership and management model, location, registered capital plan, expected hiring, office arrangement, target customers, whether any sector conditions apply, and the intended banking and invoicing flow. These choices affect the investment route, documents, timing, licences, and ongoing obligations.

The sequence usually starts with activity and structure review, then name and initial approvals where required, incorporation documents, licence issuance, workspace or establishment steps, visa processing where needed, and banking preparation. The exact order changes by authority, activity, ownership, premises, and visa route, so the written scope maps the sequence for your case.

Exiting a company is its own project, and the right route depends on the entity's state and your goal. A clean, dormant company can often be wound down by strike-off, while an active one usually requires a formal liquidation with settlement of liabilities, tax clearance, and deregistration — more time and cost, but the proper closure. Selling instead means a share transfer, which raises its own questions of valuation, buyer due diligence, and tax on the gain, potentially in more than one country. Migrating or restructuring into a holding group is a further path with its own steps. Exit costs and tax are easy to underestimate, and leaving a company improperly dissolved can create lingering liabilities and filing obligations. We map the appropriate exit — strike-off, liquidation, sale, or migration — with its realistic timeline, cost, and tax consequences before you commit to closing or transferring.

Often, yes. The route can require share-transfer or issuance documents, authority approval, constitutional amendments, beneficial-ownership updates, and possibly bank, immigration, or tax updates. The appropriate approach depends on the entity’s jurisdiction, current records, and proposed ownership structure.

The answer depends on the activity, the customer and contracting model, how goods or services are supplied, and whether any mainland, customs, or sector-specific requirements apply. Do not assume that a free-zone licence alone covers every UAE sales arrangement.

Foreign ownership is available for many Abu Dhabi structures and activities, subject to the relevant authority, activity classification, and any sector-specific conditions. We confirm the available ownership route before the company is formed.

Foreign ownership is available for many UAE activities and structures, but the correct route depends on the activity, jurisdiction, regulatory position, and operating plan. Some activities have additional conditions or approvals. We confirm the available ownership structure before anything is filed.

Foreign investors can establish or invest in Vietnamese businesses in many sectors, but the available structure, ownership level, approvals, and licensing conditions depend on the activity, investor profile, location, and current foreign-investment rules. Some sectors have restrictions or additional conditions.

A local nominee should not be assumed to be necessary. The correct ownership and management structure depends on the activity, foreign-investment conditions, legal requirements, and the investor’s actual role. Any proposed arrangement should be reviewed carefully for legality, control, banking, tax, and enforceability.

Often, yes. Non-resident ownership is possible in many structures, but it can affect document requirements, visa planning, banking, source-of-funds review, signatory arrangements, tax residence, and practical administration. It should be considered in the route recommendation, not treated as an afterthought.

Often, yes. The right structure depends on where IP was created, who owns it today, licence and assignment agreements, operating-company use, tax, transfer pricing, investor expectations, banking, and whether it is sensible to separate IP ownership from trading risk.

Many mainland activities can now be structured with foreign ownership, but the answer still depends on the activity and any sector-specific conditions. Regulated or strategic activities can follow different rules. We confirm the current position for the intended licence activity before incorporation.

A mainland company is licensed by the relevant emirate-level economic authority and operates under the applicable federal and local rules. The legal form, ownership position, activity approvals, premises requirements, and immigration setup depend on the specific business being established.

Many mainland activities can be structured with full foreign ownership, but the answer depends on the intended activity and any sector-specific or regulatory conditions. Where additional approvals apply, the correct ownership and licensing route should be confirmed before incorporation.

A mainland licence can support UAE operations for many activities, but its scope still depends on the licensed activity, local permits, contracts, customs treatment where relevant, and any regulated-sector rules. The licence should match the commercial activity; it should not be assumed to cover everything.

Timing depends on the emirate, activity, owner documents, trade-name and initial approvals, premises, external approvals, immigration steps, and authority questions. We map the expected sequence and prepare the file, but the authority controls final approval timing.

A Vietnam company is established through the legal and investment route appropriate to its investors, activity, location, and entity type. A foreign-invested project may require investment registration and enterprise registration, followed by tax, seal, banking, premises, labour, and sector-specific steps as applicable. The correct order depends on the investment structure and business model.

Not always, but mainland can become part of the answer where the business needs direct UAE contracting, local retail presence, import and distribution rights, mainland warehousing, customer-facing operations, regulated products, or a particular marketplace or procurement route. The right model depends on the actual sales and fulfilment flow.

A free-zone company contracting directly with mainland customers usually needs additional arrangements, and the right answer depends on the activity. Where mainland revenue is the core of the plan, we compare a mainland licence before recommending a zone.

An offshore company is generally used to hold assets, investments, shares, intellectual property, or international transactions rather than as a standard UAE operating business. The appropriate jurisdiction and permitted use depend on the company’s purpose, ownership, tax position, and banking requirements.

An offshore entity is not normally the right vehicle for ordinary onshore UAE trading or employing a UAE workforce. Permitted activity depends on the jurisdiction and legal framework. If the business will operate locally, a mainland or free-zone structure may be more appropriate.

Tax treatment depends on the entity’s jurisdiction, management and control, ownership, assets, income, tax residence, and the laws relevant to the owners and transactions. “Offshore” is not a substitute for tax analysis. Obtain appropriate tax advice before relying on a structure.

An offshore company may be useful in an international ownership structure, but it does not automatically replace the local registrations, tax position, contracts, employment arrangements, or licences needed to carry on business in Vietnam. The right structure depends on where decisions, people, revenue, customers, assets, and regulated activity sit. Assess the operating facts before choosing a holding or local-company model.

No. Concealing beneficial ownership or using misleading ownership information can create serious legal, banking, tax, regulatory, and criminal risk. Structures must accurately reflect ownership and control and comply with applicable disclosure, AML, sanctions, and beneficial-ownership requirements.

Offshore is usually the wrong route where the business needs to trade directly in the UAE, employ a UAE workforce, sponsor visas, hold customer-facing premises, obtain activity-specific approvals, or present a clear local operating profile to customers or banks. It should be chosen for its actual holding or international purpose, not because it appears simple or inexpensive.

For many foreign-invested companies, the Investment Registration Certificate records the approved investment project and key investment terms. The Enterprise Registration Certificate establishes the enterprise itself. Not every case follows an identical path, so the precise filings depend on the activity, investors, location, and applicable foreign-investment conditions.

Some UAE projects require investment, project, land-use, sector, or authority approvals in addition to company formation. This is more likely where the activity is regulated, the project is capital-intensive, tied to a particular site, or subject to a government programme or concession. We assess the business model, location, ownership, and operating plan before treating a trade licence as the complete approval path.

For many foreign-invested companies, the Investment Registration Certificate records the approved investment project and key investment terms. The Enterprise Registration Certificate establishes the enterprise itself. Not every case follows the same path, so the exact filings depend on the activity, investors, location, and applicable foreign-investment conditions.

Your IRC and ERC are issued by the provincial authority where your project is located, historically the Department of Planning and Investment (DPI) of that city or province, or the management board where the project sits inside an industrial or export-processing zone. The IRC approves the investment project, the foreign capital, and the project scope; the ERC then establishes the legal enterprise, its business lines, legal representative, and charter capital. They are distinct instruments with distinct legal effect, and both must be kept consistent when you later amend scope or capital. Because HCMC and Hanoi administer the same law through different offices, the issuing body and its document expectations depend on your registered location.

The Direct Investment Capital Account (DICA) is the dedicated foreign-currency bank account through which all your inbound charter capital, foreign loans, and later profit repatriation must flow, and it is a State Bank of Vietnam requirement for foreign-invested entities. You contribute the charter capital registered on your IRC/ERC into the DICA within the deadline stated on your licence, which under current rules is generally 90 days from ERC issuance. Missing the capital-contribution deadline is a real problem: it can require an official amendment to reduce or reschedule the capital, expose you to penalties, and undermine later remittance because outbound transfers must trace back to properly contributed capital. We schedule the contribution against the DICA deadline so the paper trail is clean from day one.

Vietnamese inspections are regular and documentation-driven, so keep a complete, retrievable evidence trail across every layer of the company. That means the IRC, ERC, and any sub-licences and their amendments; proof of charter-capital contribution through the DICA; signed labour contracts with SI/HI/UI and work-permit records; and full tax records including e-invoices, VAT and CIT filings, and transfer-pricing documentation for related-party dealings. Keep board and Legal Representative resolutions, lease and premises evidence, and the audited annual financial statements as well. Retention matters: the tax statute of limitations runs to 10 years for collection and 5 for penalties, with no limit for unregistered taxpayers, and audits often reach back several years. We help you maintain this as an organised evidence set rather than reconstructing it under inspection pressure.

Start with what the business will actually do, where customers and staff will be based, whether the activity is regulated, the expected ownership and management structure, premises needs, visa needs, banking profile, and ongoing tax and compliance obligations. A UAE company is not one uniform product: mainland, free-zone, and other structures can differ materially in operating permissions, costs, administration, and customer access.

There is no standard cap on qualified introductions, subject to the applicable referral terms, service availability, partner verification, and compliance review. Sonsoto may review patterns inconsistent with genuine client demand or programme rules.

Not necessarily. Participation depends on the applicable programme terms and any required onboarding or verification. You do not generally need to be an existing client unless the relevant referral schedule says otherwise.

Unless an applicable referral schedule says otherwise, approved rewards are paid within 30 days after the relevant service completion point and after all payment, verification, and programme conditions have been met.

Potentially, but the correct arrangement depends on the person’s location, visa and work status, the nature of the role, control and supervision, contract terms, labour-law treatment, IP ownership, tax, confidentiality, and local regulatory requirements. A contractor label should not be used to avoid an employment obligation.

Usually, subject to appropriate authority, role permissions, confidentiality, ownership or signatory status, and the service model. Access should be granted on a need-to-know basis and reviewed when employees, directors, advisers, or ownership arrangements change.

Foreign investors can own and operate many UAE businesses, but the available ownership, licensing, location, activity, and approval routes depend on the exact activity and jurisdiction. Some activities remain subject to sector-specific restrictions, local conditions, professional requirements, or external approvals. Choose the legal structure only after confirming the activity and operating model.

Foreign investors can participate in many Vietnamese sectors, but market access can vary by activity, ownership structure, investor nationality, location, and current commitments or conditions. Some activities are restricted, conditional, or require additional approvals. Check market-access conditions before committing to a legal structure, ownership split, lease, or commercial launch.